Verb forms.
Examples of the newspaper 'The Times' (8th of April 2008)
1. PRESENT PERFECT:
a) "A source HAS TOLD The Times that Karen Matthews, 32, admitted to close friends..."
b) " The girl's mother HAS NOW CONFESSED that she had known that he was holding her daughter"
2. PRESENT PERFECT PASSIVE:
a) "The Times HAS BEEN TOLD that Ms Matthews met two of her friends recently and was questioned by them"
b) "...but several beaches on the north coast of the state of New South Wales HAVE BEEN CLOSED indefinitely as a precaution"
3. PAST SIMPLE PASSIVE:
a) "It is not yet known what type of shark WAS INVOLVED in the attack"
b) "He didn't make one noise", said Brock, who WAS TREATED for shock"