1.- astronaut: is a person trained by a human spaceflight program to command, pilot or serve as a crew member of a spacecraft. http://www.wipedia
2.- It would take that person almost 2-1/2 years. http://www.history.nasa.gov/spacesuits.pdf
3.- Each person's grade is determined according to his/her academic archievements and experience, currently, a GS-12 starts at $65,140 per year and Gs-13 can earn up to $ 100,701 per year. http://www.wiki.answers.com
4.- "You can see an awful lot from space" says astronaut Ed Lu...
http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy
5.- Well astronaut need to be healthy to get up into space in the first place good diet and exercises and all that sortastuff. So thats probably why live a long time.
http://www.physform.com
6.- Sience there is no "up" in space, they can comfortably sleep vertically as well as horizontally. http://www.ask.yahoo.com