by Maarit » Thu Mar 13, 2014 5:58 am
Hi Pieter,
Many thanks for your message and questions. It is nice to notice that you are interested in Finland and Finnish language.
I am very well now. I have got good treatment to my back and knee and they are much better now. I had also a winter break and we stayed 3 days in Bremen, in Germany, and after that 4 days in Pudasjärvi, in North Finland. I made a visit to Paula Moderson-Becker`s museum there in Bremen. It was nice to see her pieces after hearing the listening comprehension in Net languages. The Tale of the Town Musicians of Bremen is very nice as well. Pudasjärvi is in the North part of Finland and there my 9-year-old daughter enjoyed about downhill skiing and I about cross-country skiing, which are impossible in South Finland because it is about +3-7 C degrees now.
Then I will write more about languages in Finland.
We have a Bible which has been published in 1821. It is quite complicated to read this Bible because it includes so many loan words from old Swedish. In addition I have studied my ancestors and then I have found old official documents. It has been quite hard work to read them.
During the Middle Ages Finland was annexed to Sweden and the oldest written Finnish dates back to 1450. Michael Agricola created the first comprehensive Finnish writing system in the 16th century. He wanted to translate the Bible but instead created Finnish language rules. The first novel written in Finnish was published in 1870. In 1892 Finnish was adopted as an official language of Finland.
Sami has been spoken thousands of years in Nordic countries. It is quite closely related to Baltic Finnic languages including Finnish. Sami is not one language but at least three: East Sami, which is spoken in Kola Peninsula, Central Sami, which is spoken in Finland, Norway and Sweden, and South Sami, which is spoken in Sweden and Norway. These languages can turn be divided into dialects. The Central Sami dialect are North Sami and Lulesami.
Most of Sami speak North Sami, maybe 85% of all Sami speakers. Skolt Sami and Inari Sami are also spoken in Finland (be about 500 speakers in each case). The number of North Sami speakers is estimated at 2000 in Finland.
There are about 10 000 gypsies in Finland and about 30% of them speak Finnish Romani. Romani has been spoken in Finland for about 450 years and during this time it has changed greatly.
Karelian is a Finnic language spoken by about 118 000 people mainly in the Russia Republic of Karelia, and also in Finland. The earliest know example of written Karelian dates from the early 13th century. It was written in the Cyrillic alphabet. Today Karelian is written with a version of the Finnish alphabet, which was revised in 2007.
Then something about education of languages in Finland. Our children begin to study the first foreign language, usually English (sometimes Russia, French, German), when they are about 9 years old. 11-year-olds can take the second foreign language (usually German, Russia, and French) but it is voluntary. It is possible to take the second foreign language later as well. Swedish is the second official language in Finland and we start to study it in comprehensive secondary school and then children are about 13 years old.
Teaching in comprehensive schools is mainly conducted in Finnish but for example there in Tampere we have one Swedish school and a couple of English schools. In addition we have French, Russian, and German etc. schools in Finland.
Many Universitiers have dagree programs conducted in English. In addition Åbo Academi is a Swedish University in Finland.
Many immigrants from Baltic countries, Asia, Europe..and immigrant`s children can speak Finnish very fluently. But, of course, someone does not try to learn Finnish language because Finnish is quite difficult language.
How are you? What about the weather in Spain? Do you have a spring already?
Kind regards, Take care
Maarit